A Comparison of Poems against Racism

Racism is intolerance and hatred of another race. Many protest poems are used by composers in society to express their desire for social change. â€Å"Strange fruit† by Lewis Allen and â€Å"took the children away† by Archie Roach are haunting lyrics protesting against the area of racism. Both poets have been influenced by either personal events or events occurring in society. Both Allen and Roach effectively use strong poetic techniques and pursue subject matter to the audience through racism to create a desire for social change in the society. Strange fruit† was written in the mid-1930s about 60 years ago. Lewis Allen whom is a Jewish American communist had seen a photo in the paper of two young boys that had been beaten and hung. This horrific picture encouraged Allen to take action and write this lyric protesting about the lynching that had occurred in Americas South. Allen saw that the lynching of African Americans was generational. He protested against racis m to create a desire in society for social change. The powerful techniques shown through the lyric â€Å"strange fruits† are extended metaphor and physical imagery.Extended metaphor is shown throughout the whole lyric as it is continuous which makes it more powerful. This helps the reader relate to the horrific situation and understand how Allen is feeling about the lynching. The physical imagery that is portrayed in the lyric is â€Å"the bulging eyes and twisted mouth†. This shows the haunting image of a person being hung and draws the responders attention to the strong confronting words used to describe the dead †black bodies†. The lyric is extremely confronting and distressing which is deliberately shocking to the audience in attempt to create a desire for social change. Took the children away† was written in 1990 by an indigenous Australian Archie Roach. He had a very difficult life by having a disturbed background and childhood. He was sadly rem oved from his family at a very young age which was known as â€Å"the stolen generation†. The difficulties that he had suffered as a child encouraged Roach to become a protest poet and stand up for the indigenous Australians. Roaches lyric produces a true story about the aboriginal children that had been forcefully detached from their families.The lyric is extremely confronting to the audience which creates them to feel the desire for social change. There are many poetic techniques employed throughout the lyric â€Å"took the children away† that encourage the responder to understand the racism and concept of the stolen generation. First person technique has been used strongly by Roach in attempt to show that it was his personal recount. This is shown in the finishing line of the lyric â€Å"yes I came back†. This visibly shows the responder that is was roach himself.Anaphora is a strong technique used effectively in the lyric. This is clearly shown in the last s tanza â€Å"back to their mother; father, sister, brother, people, land† this shows how the indigenous children had been taken from their family and then later reunited. Therefore both techniques clearly shock the audience and connect with the responders emotions in order to make them see the need for social change. In conclusion â€Å"strange fruits† by Lewis Allen and â€Å"took the children away† by Archie Roach are clearly both powerful protest lyrics protesting against racism.The poetic techniques are used effectively to get their own personal opinion across to the audience. Therefore these effects show that there is a need to create a desire for social change in the society. Many protest songs and poems are used by composers in society to express their desire for social change. Archie Roach’s ‘Took The Children Away’ and Lewis Allen’s ‘Strange Fruit’ are both protest poems in which the area of racism is being protest ed against. Each poet has been inspired by either events in their life or events in society that they have felt deeply against.Both Roach and Allen adequately and effectively use a wide range of poetic techniques and language devices to successfully carry out their ideas against racism and create a desire for social change through subject matter their purposes are also achieved. Roach strongly uses first person along with anaphora to get his point of view across to the responder. Allen persuasively uses extended metaphor and juxtaposition to make the responder see the need for social change. Archie Roach is an indigenous Australian with a disturbed back ground and upbringing.He was removed from his family at young age as part of ‘the stolen generation’ Roach’s devastating childhood experiences inspired him to develop into a powerful protest poet and be a strong voice for indigenous Australians. A haunting story is told through roach’s song, a true story of aboriginal children being forcefully removed from their family as was done to thousands of aboriginal children during the application of the governments assimilation policies. It is a very confronting song that makes the responder feel a desire for social change. Took The Children Away’ is a protest poem which employs many powerful poetic techniques to encourage the responder to understand the effects and the injustices of racism and the stolen generation. One poetic technique from the lyric that can be highlighted as important is first person as it is very strongly used by roach in an attempt to display himself in the poem. First person is most effective in the finishing line of â€Å"yes I came back† this is effective because the responder then finally realises that the poem is in fact a recount of what actually happened to Roach.Anaphora is also successfully used in the poem. In the last stanza anaphora is powerfully used by roach, â€Å"Back to their mother; fath er, sister, brother, people, land† this anaphora is used in order to state all the things that had been left behind and taken away from indigenous children of the time. The anaphora connects with the responder’s emotions in an attempt to shock the responder therefore making them see the need for social change. Lewis Allen was a Jewish man, a school teacher and also a member of the American communist party which was risky and unusual in its self at the time of the 1930’s.Allen was inspired to right by a photograph of a lynching he saw that shocked him. The subject matter of the poem is about the lynching of African Americans in Americas south. Allen saw the harsh injustices of racism and how it was generational â€Å"Blood on the leaves and blood at the root. † He protested against racism in order to create a desire in society for social change. Lewis Allen uses a range of poetic techniques and language devices in order to effectively get his purpose across to the responder. The extended metaphor of â€Å"strange fruit† is a very strong and helpful device.It makes the responder think about the harsh realities and injustices of racism in Americas south the word â€Å"strange† makes the responder comprehend the idea of lynching, it is â€Å"strange† not right, and it is unjust. Juxtapositions is also employed by Allen in the poem â€Å"Scent of magnolias, sweet and fresh/ Then the sudden smell of burning flesh† this juxtaposition is effective as it makes the responder see the harsh realities of lynching by putting these two things together it shocks the responder as it is from one extreme to the other and Allen is attempting to shock the audience in an attempt to create a desire for social change.

Great Expectations And Relate These To The Novel As A Whole Essay

Discuss the Significance Of The Events, Which Occur In Chapter Eighteen of Great Expectations And Relate These To The Novel As A Whole I shall now discuss the significance of chapter eighteen, and how the effects of this chapter relate to the whole novel, Great Expectations. In Great Expectations, the names of the characters symbolize their personalities. For example, Biddy is a very timid person who will do your bidding obligingly. Then Pip is a small and insignificant sounding name, just like the actual character is. Jaggers, is a man with sharp wit, and features, he has a bullying manner, which can cut you up in front of an audience, just like a jagged knife. Pip on his first encounter with Jaggers comments on how the smell of scented soap came from his hand. This is symbolism. One does not wash ones hands unless they are dirty, and since Jaggers is a criminal lawyer, they must be prone to doing illegal or immoral acts, in order to save his clients. Hence, he always has to wash his hands, in a sense, so that he is not caught by the courts, and found guilty of anything. To prevent any legal trouble, Jaggers puts a lot of thought into the way he phrases his dealings with clients. He makes sure that he does not give any personal opinions, and makes sure that the clients remember the dealings as he wants them to, so if they are questioned, then his name does not come up for recommending, or ordering the client to commit any actions of moral or legal wrongdoing. For example, when he is dealing with Pip, he makes sure that Pip rephrases his statement, ‘†¦ much obliged for his (Jaggers) recommendation†¦ ‘ since Jaggers recommending anything, can be counted as being involved with the crime. He makes sure that Pip uses the word mention instead. This is how Jaggers makes sure his hands are clean of any dirt, because he ‘never recommends anybody’ Jaggers job is a performance for him. He is a performer, and a better one then Wopsle, which is proved when he battles with him about the highly popular murder. One of Jaggers performances is with his handkerchief that he pulls out whenever he wants a person to confess some knowledge to him. This is because it makes the audience want to confess before he sneezes, it is a dramatic performance, and has aided Jaggers many times. This tells us a bit about the justice system in those times, where defending criminals, and getting them off the death sentence was a performance of techniques, and bullying the jury into letting off the criminals. This shows how the justice system in the days was not efficient at putting the real criminals out of the streets, since a few dramatic movements and a bullying of the jury could sway the scales of justice the wrong way. Dickens is a great social critic, and he criticizes the inefficiency of the justice system in those days. The justice system would be less harsh on criminals who were gentleman, then on criminals who were not. If you knew the right people, wore the right clothes, and looked the right part, you were more likely to get away with the crime. Also if you were a gentleman this made you less reason to have commit a crime in the first place(in the judges eyes), and you’ll get a lighter sentence then if you were ‘coarse and common’. A perfect example of this is the Magwitch/Compeyson trial. Although it was actually Compeyson that led Magwitch aside, because he knew the right people and because he was a gentleman, he managed to pass most of the blame onto Magwitch. Compeyson got a sentence of seven years, and Magwitch fourteen years, just because Compeyson was a ‘gentleman. In chapter 18, when Jaggers is discussing with Pip and Joe the situation of Pip having Great Expectations, he offers Joe a compensation (Wemmick’s property) ‘for the loss of his (Pip) services’ Joe denies the compensation, but Jaggers, who is completely, shocked of this news keeps on badgering him, because he thinks Joe is a fool not to accept the money. He also says, ‘Brag is a good dog, but that holdfast is better’ which means that Jaggers is telling Joe, to say he doesn’t want the compensation is nothing, but to actually keep by the word is something else. Joe to everyone’s surprise gets up in a mood of rage, to fight Jaggers, for badgering him in his own home. This shows us that Joe’s character is un-materialistic, and to be offered money is not something he is pleased by, as a replacement for his friend. It also shows us that Joe is not the type of man who can be bullied in his own home, by a man like Jaggers. Jaggers thinks Joe is a fool for not accepting the compensation offered. This shows us that the type of clients Jaggers deals with are probably materialistic, and not very moralistic, and maybe Jaggers himself has become like this by working with those types, and to meet someone who is noble and honest, like Joe, must be quite rare and surprising to him. Pip has ‘Great Expectations’ of becoming a gentleman, of getting out of his social class, ever since Estella had criticized him of his course hands. Although, when Pip is about to finally get his wish he starts to become unknowingly dissatisfied, he feels he does not want to leave his old life too, subconsciously he will miss the love and care he has received from Joe, and newly from Biddy. In some ways, his great expectations have failed, and shall continue to as his life progresses. Also, Pip starts to become snobbish, and disloyal to his ‘people’ He accuses the caring people he has known his whole life, to act coarse and common if he were to go and show them his gentlemen clothes. This tells us about Pip’s character, he is the type who would leave his old friends behind, for a better, more promising life. Although, somewhere in his subconscious Pip feels guilty for these acts, and he suffers because he knows he is acting basely. When the older Pip on reflects the selfish acts he had committed against loved ones when he was young, he criticizes them. When he is discussing with Jaggers about his future life, he reflects on how he was ‘so ready to leave and so unthankful to’ Joe. At the time, Pip was thinking of his future as a Gentleman, of how his Great Expectations will be fulfilled, and he was being selfish at the time, for not being grateful for what Joe had given him so far. Although, elder Pip’s reflection is very different, he realizes his mistakes and says how he sees Joe again, how hurt Joe felt because Pip was going to leave him, how he still feels his strong and faithful arm upon his shoulder as if it had been ‘the rustle of an angels wing! ‘ Another example is when he says to Biddy, ‘You are envious, Biddy, and grudging. You are dissatisfied on account of my rise in fortune, and can’t help showing it. ‘ I think this behavior by Pip is the worst because he thinks that he is superior to Biddy, who is so timid, and caring. The elder Pip criticizes on his actions here, for speaking ‘in a virtuous and superior tone’ When Pip was got his wish to become a gentleman, through Jaggers, he became emotionally blind. Even when Joe and Biddy, congratulated Pip on his fortune of going to become a gentleman; ‘there was a certain touch of sadness in their congratulations that I rather resented. ‘ This really shows how foolhardy and unfeeling Pip was at that time. Since the touch of sadness was actually because they both love Pip, and shall miss him and his company once he is gone. The significance of chapter 18 is great, since it is the chapter where Pip gets his wish to finally become a gentleman. Also, it is where we, the audience, see how emotionally blind, and how focused on the superficial things about a person Pip begins to become. It is where Pip and we are introduced to the bullying figure of Jaggers, and also the foreshadowing hint of Pips unhappiness in his life to come.

Consumer Behaviour with context to E-Commerce

There has been a tremendous rise and increase in the e-commerce. E-commerce refers to Electronic commerce which includes buying and selling of goods carried out electronically mostly on the Internet and World Wide Web. E-commerce concept Is In its full swing in India. The people of India have welcomed the E-commerce concept. There is continuous increase in the buying and selling of goods on the Internet. Cryptographic Segmentation of Indian People And E-commerce Segmentation is dividing the market In to different segments In order to select the argent customers.Market can be segmented on various bases. Cryptographic Segmentation is done on the basis of lifestyle of the people. In India there been a continuous change in the lifestyle of the people found depending upon the new trend. There is a vast effect and attraction of the western culture on the lifestyle of people. In India the lifestyle of the people Is deferent from people that live in the cities and that in the village. The li festyle of the people living in cities is far more advanced than villagers due to higher facilities and the adaptability of the quicker hang by the urban population.The E-commerce sector had made a very good use of this segment. The people In clues easy and quick access to Internet and there Is also a large use of internet found in this place. They readily and quickly accept the new trends In fashion. The latest clothing trends seen in the movie or any of the glamour world personality is rightly kept in to sell by the shopping sites like Gabon, Mantra, and Shopper's etc. For Ex-: Lean, Margins and Varian Divan these popular young superstars of plywood followed and liked youngsters were selected s brand ambassador of Gabon.Also various imitation Jewelry is being sold online keeping in mind the likings of urban ladies who enjoys wearing new patterns of jewelry. Jaywalkers. Com is an example of such a shopping site where only Jeweler Is being sold. Also in order to wait in long lines a nd going out for having your favorite fast food giants like Pizza Hut, Domino's, Sub Way and various other have enabled online ordering. The availability of the products of various International brands like Emperor Airman, Role and other luxurious brands shows the sign of success of e-commerce.Looking at the lifestyle of urban citizens who like to have dinner out every weekend the coupon's are made available at sites like Group of big v star hotels like Grand Hyatt, which offer weekends buffet dinners. Demographic Segmentation of Indian People and E-commerce In Demographic segmentation the market is segmented on the basis of the Age, Gender, Education, Religion, Nationality, Income, Social Class etc. Starting with the major head Age It has been found that it Is the young generation vastly use Internet on their laptops and mobile phones.They are also the biggest fashion crazy people OFF Gabon, Mantra and Jungle. On the basis of the gender also a separate segment for men, women and ch ildren's can be found on the sites like eBay, Amazon etc. Also there are sites like www. Sheepishness. Com are only for ladies. Keeping in mind the cultural and religious thought and its heavy impact on the Indian customers there are various products like beautiful lightings being sold at the time of dalai also colors and Pushchairs are being sold at the time of Hold.Even idols of god are being made available and the clothing at various festivals such as China Chili and Karts t the time of Invariant etc. For Ex-:Trades. Com Conclusion Various other factors that stand to the success of e-commerce in India are the positive thought in the minds of the people about the originality of the product, also giving the trial option, warranty and cash on delivery and cash back guarantee increases the faith in customers and encourage them to buy online.It has been also perceived that the online price is less as compared to the retail outlets due to the eradication of middlemen in between. Also l ooking at the rush at various public laces in cities as well as villages the government has also enabled online booking of tickets, voter ID cards and passport application facility on the internet. Anus 2-: Marketing Mix is the combination of elements of marketing and the role played by each and every element in the process of marketing There is difference in the behavior of a customer from a city and from that of a customer of a village.Product The villages buy with concept of fulfilling Just necessity and the urban people buy with the concept of fulfilling necessity and also for standard, wish, pleasure and comfort. The products that would be kept for sale in to villagers will mostly comprise of the goods related to the basic necessities such as grains, cloths and various other products that would be a part of their day today life. The products would also be such that which the villagers would easily prefer. For Ex-: The sale of olive oil would not be good in villages as compared to cities.Studies say that villages have great brand loyalty from that of cities. It is important to keep the products of customer's preference in the store. Place The villagers do not have goods means of transportation so the place to be chosen or the retail store must be near to the village as well as the place must be not far away from the main road. As the villagers own vehicles like cycle and motor cycle in due to increase in the transpiration facility and ownership of cars it is easy for them to travel a little longer distance.Price Price would play an important factor in the success of the store. The villagers earns from agriculture and other allied activities. The income of the villager is low as compared to that of an urban citizen. The purchasing power of villager is less due to his income. So it is to be kept in mind that the products to be sold must not be of high price. For this individual packets off product such as biscuits should be sold rather than that of family pa ckets. Even though they can even be reduced in a pack of 4 of 5 biscuits per pack.Promotion Promotion in villages should be done on mediums such as at bus stations, writing on the buses, radios, television etc. Personal Marketing at the time of various meals in the villages can also be very useful. Personal Marketing will have a greater impact on the village customers as all their doubts can be cleared and all the description of the reduce can be given. Also various local events like night matches which happen in villages can be sponsored. In cities the promotion can be done on internet, Railway stations and holdings.People People refer to the persons who would directly do the marketing to the village customers. It is to be kept in mind that the persons selected for personal marketing must be having additional skills like the knowing the local language of the village. It would be best if the marketing person selected would be one among the village which would help in more effective communication with the villagers. In cities it not important to find a person from the area itself and he must know any local language.Process Process is a secret key which can help in winning the minds of the customers. Suppose a customer from the buys a electronic product from the retail store and it has an onsite warranty, it needs to be registered online and there is a need of demo for the usage of the new product then the at the time of the selling the product the online warranty activation can be done at the retail shop itself, the customer can be given the facility to talk to the customer care and confirm his registration process and he demo can also be shown at the shop.As the city customers are well educated they can themselves do this by their own. Physical Evidence Physical evidence refers to the surrounding environment. It is important that the sales persons have a proper uniform look clean, they have their cards, and the store has a wider space and a good interior. Phys ical evidence is much essential in cities as the service expected by the people is more due to competition in the cities while due to less competition in the villages some of the factors like uniform and other big store space can be overlooked.

Example Essay

Example Essay Most Americans spend about three to four hours a day watching TV, according to Nielsen Numbers. During this time Americans encountered commercials with promising product that improve your life. When it comes to love, the media uses sex to lure in the customer. We see this form of advertising in recent products campaign such as the Dentine Ice â€Å"Practice Safe Breath† and the Axe â€Å"Apollo. † The campaign â€Å"Practice Safe Breath† had subliminal messages about sex. The first scene of the commercial was a couple in a car. The couple was about to kiss and a girl stops the guy and says â€Å"Wait, you have one right? The word â€Å"one† has a double meaning both refering to the gum and a condom. The guy puts his hand in his pocket and retrieves a packet of Dentine Ice. The girl smiles and grabs a piece of gum. The next scene of the commercial is about a Guy that is in a hurry. He goes into his friends room and says â€Å"Hey bud can you help me out. † The friend opens his night stand and pulls out a packet or Dentine Ice. For most guys night stands are the place where guys usually store their condoms. In both situations the gum was being used in context that could be confused with a condom.After the Guy gets the gum pack he rushes back to his girlfriend and begins to kiss her. The media knows that using sex as a â€Å"subliminal message† will produce an attention grabbing commercial. The audience then comes to the conclusion that if they buy Dentine Ice then maybe it will help them improve their love life. Some people might even want to be in the situations that are shown in the commercial. The body language shown by the characters in the commercial were very sexual. Most of the characters were eager to get intimate with each other, and needed the gum to for fill their needs.The commercial â€Å"Dentine Ice Practice Safe Breath† was named after a campaign called â€Å"Practice Safe Sex† that was supported by the non profit organization named Kush Kash Entertainment in 2011. The campaign promoted safe sex and sells condoms to prevent STD or teenage pregnancys. The commercial ends with the line â€Å"So you are prepared no matter how close you get† telling people to be ready with a pack of gum, in case of a close encounter with a partner. Another product that promotes improving your love life is â€Å"Axe Apollo. † In this commercial a girl is swimming in the ocean.She is about to get attacked by a shark, when a lifeguard jumped into the water to save her. The life guard was a handsome guy with enough strength to arm wrestle a shark to â€Å"save her. † He brought her to the shore; she woke up and took a deep breath. She inhaled the smell of the Axe body spray, and ran to a man in an astronaut suit. The astronaut takes of his helmet and reveals his face. He was a wimpy looking guy, nothing compared to the lifeguard that rescued her. The commercia ls main purpose was to tell men that if they wear Axe, they will be chosen over the hot guy.In society, the attractive girl will usually choose the strong, brave and handsome guy over a guy that isn't strong or attractive. The only words that are said in this commercial are â€Å"Wear new Axe Apollo for your chance to go to space. Leave a man, come back a hero. † This is implying men if they wear Axe these men will be able to help their love life with females. If men wear Axe Apollo, that will help them find a women to have sex with. This will become a hero even if they are not sexually attractive like the lifeguard. This gives men a boost in their self-esteem while wearing Axe.The commercial implies that by wearing Axe Apollo, women will find men more physically and sexually attractive. These are two examples of how commercials sponsor products to possibly help your love life. The media uses subliminal messages using sex to sell products. Promising results to help your self- esteem or get you one step closer to have a relationship with someone. Some commercials are more upfront on promoting sex products than others. But over all they all serve the same purpose to try â€Å"to help people† have an easier love life with no problem. Example Essay Jessica C. Apolinar 04. 15. 13 EN-202-02 Example Essay Dolphins are widely known as humans' close relatives from the sea or so the â€Å"other humans† who chose to live in the sea. They have human characteristics that most animals do not have. They are amazingly intelligent, friendly, and genetically similar. A research done by John Lilly concludes that dolphins are in fact intelligent as humans.Many other scientists have studied dolphin behaviors years ago and now have come to a possible result of dolphins being the closest relatives to humans. Their brains are larger than human brains, but they are able to think like humans. This is why most humans are more intrigued by their kind than any other animal and would easily train them to do tricks like waving good-bye or hello. Another characteristic would be their friendliness. Dolphins are popular for their friendliness toward humans.They are very playful and would mainly interact with humans more often than any other animal. T hey could be seen in dolphin shows like the show â€Å"Skipper†. They would also play around boats or ships putting a show for the people and are also famous for saving human lives either from drowning or being attacked by sharks. One last recent discovery was their genetic make-up are surprisingly similar to human genetics. Research has proven that humans and dolphins have more in common than they thought they have.An experiment from Texas A;M University tried to apply human chromosomes with the dolphin chromosomes, and they have discovered that out of the 22 dolphins 13 dolphin chromosomes were similar to human chromosomes. They have also found 3 other genes that was similar to human genes. There has been many studies of dolphins and up to this moment scientists still wonder how humans and cetaceans are alike. Although dolphins live on water while humans live on land, scientists still believe that there is still a connection between humans and dolphins that still needs to b e discovered.Dolphins' close interactions with humans and their similar characteristics are just evidence of how humans and dolphins relate. Work Cited Peterson, Paula, and Seema Kumar. â€Å"The Dolphin-Human Connection. †Ã‚  Earthcode InternationalNetwork. N. p. , n. d. Web. 14 Apr 2013. . Dudzinski, Kathleen, Frohoff, Toni, . Dolphin Mysteries : Unlocking the Secrets of Communication. NEW HAVEN AND LONDON: YALE UNIVERSITY PRESS, 2008. eBook.

Plumbing Business

INTRODUCTION Plumbing (from the Latin plum bum for lead as pipes were once made from lead) is the skilled trade of working with pipes, tubing and plumbing fixtures for drinking water systems and the drainage of waste. A plumber is someone who installs or repairs piping systems, plumbing fixtures and equipment such as water heaters. The plumbing industry is a basic and substantial part of every developed economy due to the need for clean water, and proper collection and transport of wastes.Plumbing also refers to a system of pipes and fixtures installed in a building for the distribution of potable water and the removal of waterborne wastes. Plumbing is usually distinguished from water and sewage systems, in that a plumbing system serves one building, while water and sewage systems serve a group of buildings or a city. The name of my small plumbing business is water tubes plumbing co. it is located at obehie, very close to veritas university, it provides homes with the best of plumbin g services, with a great range of new equipment. Executive SummaryWater Tubes Plumbing  is a Eugene-based plumbing company that has chosen residential new homes as their niche. Water Tubes will be able to handle any service request for plumbing of volume home builds or custom new homes. By concentrating on a specific segment of the market, Water Tubes will be able to rapidly gain market share  demonstrating their proficiency and professionalism in serving a specific market niche. Water Tubes will leverage their competitive edges of professionalism and trim quality by properly training all of their employees and impress customers who are used to the lackadaisical attitude of most plumbers.Water Tubes will have a total of four employees and will reach profitability by month eight. Objectives The objectives for the first three years of operation include: To  develop a  company whose primary goal is to exceed customer's expectations. To increase sales so in four to five years Do n can hire another master plumber. To create a sustainable business, surviving off its own cash flow. Mission Water Tubes Plumbing's  mission is to provide the finest new house plumbing installation. We exist to attract and maintain customers. When we adhere to this maxim, everything else will fall into place.Our services will exceed the expectations of our customers. Keys to Success The keys to success are to provide the customer with a fair price and outstanding service. Materials Water systems of ancient times relied on gravity for the supply of water, using pipes or channels usually made of clay, lead, bamboo or stone. Present-day water-supply systems use a network of high-pressure pumps, and pipes are now made of copper, brass, plastic, or other nontoxic material. Present-day drain and vent lines are made of plastic, steel, cast-iron, and lead. Lead is not used in modern water-supply piping due to its toxicity.The ‘straight' sections of plumbing systems are of pipe or t ube. A pipe is typically formed via casting or welding, where a tube is made through extrusion. Pipe normally has thicker walls and may be threaded or welded, where tubing is thinner-walled and requires special joining techniques such as ‘brazing', ‘compression fitting', ‘crimping', or for plastics, ‘solvent welding'. Fittings and valves In addition to the straight pipe or tubing, many fittings are required in plumbing systems, such as valves, elbows, tees, and unions. The piping and plumbing fittings and valves articles discuss these features further. FixturesPlumbing fixtures are designed for the end-users. Some examples of fixtures include water closets (also known as toilets), urinals, bidets, showers, bathtubs, utility and kitchen sinks, drinking fountains, ice makers, humidifiers, air washers, fountains, and eye wash stations. Equipment Plumbing equipment, not present in all systems, include, for example, water meters, pumps, expansion tanks, backflow p reventers, filters, water softeners, water heaters, heat exchangers, gauges, and control systems. Now there is equipment that is technologically advanced and helps plumbers fix problems without the usual hassles.For example, plumbers use video cameras for inspections of hidden leaks or problems, they use hydro jets, and high pressure hydraulic pumps connected to steel cables for trench-less sewer line replacement. Systems Copper piping system in a building with in tumescent fire stop being installed by an insulator, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. The major categories of plumbing systems or subsystems are: Potable cold and hot water supply Traps, drains, and vents Septic systems Rainwater, surface, and subsurface water drainage Fuel gas pipingFor their environmental benefit and sizable energy savings hot water heat recycling units are growing in use throughout the residential building sectors. Further ecological concern has seen increasing interest in grey-water recovery and tr eatment systems. Self-leveling silicone fire stop installation in mechanical service penetration in 2 hour rated concrete floor. Fire stopping is required where mechanical pent rants traverse fire-resistance rated wall and floor assemblies, or membranes thereof. This work is usually done worldwide by the insulation trade and/or specialty fire stop sub-contractors.Regulation Much of the plumbing work in populated areas is regulated by government or quasi-government agencies due to the direct impact on the public's health, safety, and welfare. Plumbing installation and repair work on residences and other buildings generally must be done according to plumbing and building codes to protect the inhabitants of the buildings and to ensure safe, quality construction to future buyers. If permits are required for work, plumbing contractors typically secure them from the authorities on behalf of home or building owners.In the United Kingdom the professional body is the newly Chartered Institut e of Plumbing and Heating Engineering (educational charity status) and it is true that the trade still remains virtually ungoverned; there are no systems in place to monitor or control the activities of unqualified plumbers or those home owners who choose to undertake installation and maintenance works themselves, despite the health and safety issues which arise from such works when they are undertaken incorrectly – see Health Aspects of Plumbing (HAP) published jointly by the World Health Organization(WHO) [8] and the World Plumbing Council (WPC) [6].WPC has subsequently appointed a representative to the World Health Organization to take forward various projects related to Health Aspects of Plumbing. Starting up a plumbing business Well, if you are starting your own business involving skilled workers working with pipes, tubing and plumbing fixtures for water systems and drainage, then you should know exactly where your plumber is. If you wish to launch your own plumbing busi ness, the first thing that you should decide on is what kind of plumbing business you wish to start: service-oriented or product-oriented.If you are a business entrepreneur and you want to start a product-oriented plumbing business, you basically act as a supplier of pipes and tubing paraphernalia. You can also sell tools and other equipments to supplement your plumbing supply business. On the other hand, a service-oriented plumbing business can go two ways: a plumbing and heating business, and a fix-‘er-upper. The former is a business arrangement where you set up the necessary components of plumbing, heating and drainage in any architectural structure. The latter, on the other hand, is the most common type of small business plumbing type.The fix-‘er-upper (from the term fix her up) is when a house owner calls up a plumber to fix a broken sink or a clogged toilet, etc. This kind of business can still be categorized further as contractor and small business plumbing. For p urposes of discussion in this article, we will detail what business entrepreneurs need to do in order to start a fix-‘er-upper plumbing business. Obviously, you would need a plumber for this trade, preferably a skilled plumber who can install and repair piping systems, plumbing fixtures and water heaters.If you are a contractor, you need to know where to find reliable and trustworthy plumbers. Try to hire ones that have the most experience and are able to do quick work with minimal supervision. If you have inexperienced workers, it would be best to apprentice them with your veteran plumbers on their first few runs. As a contractor, it is your duty to buy the equipments and tools your workers need, get them to your clients when called and bill your clients accordingly. The plumbing business is a lucrative trade, if and when your plumbers can get to a job on time.Starting a plumbing business like this entails registering your business, acquiring a plumbing business license and e ven maybe acquiring plumbing business software so that you can bill your clients immediately and precisely. Transportation is important. The other type of fix-‘er-upper plumbing business involves just you, provided of course that you are a plumber. As a micro-entrepreneur, you can start this business from home; you don’t even need a complicated business set up as long as you’ve got the skills and tools to do the job.A successful business of this sort still needs to be registered and licensed, so don’t overlook that. Your business success is actually dependent on two things: how well you do your job (that your clients will seek and refer your services often) and how well you advertise your trade. As a plumbing business owner, you know that your services will not have a running start unless people know that you are a plumber, and that your services are available. Plumbing business cards are essential.If you can’t afford these as of yet, putting up fly ers and home-made posters can do most of the advertising for you. However, nothing beats word-of-mouth advertising. So tell your friends and family members that you are starting a plumbing business and ask them to help refer you to potential clients. Know the local requirements In addition to understanding the general guidelines for setting up any small business, you must explore the specific professional, legal and regulatory guidelines that are required to set up and operate a plumbing business in your locality.Licensing Professional licensing and certification requirements must be obtained to start and operate a plumbing business. Each state may have a different name for its licensing agency, but typically they have a name like The Department of Business ; Professional Regulation or the Construction Industry Licensing Board. Seek assistance from local business development providers You can also seek guidance and assistance from organizations in your area such as the local chapter of score or a local Small Business Development Center. Seek assistance from trade groupsBefore setting up a plumbing contracting business, find out if there is a local chapter of a national trade association like the Plumbing Heating Cooling Contractors Association (see link below) who can provide you with information about the requirements of setting up a plumbing business in your area. After being established, a membership in such organizations can provide you access to business and management training, along with professional development resources. Marketing a plumbing business It takes time and effort to grow any small business.As is the case with most service industries, plumbers tend to find most of their customers through word of mouth. The key to great word of mouth referrals is to provide great service at a reasonable cost to your current customers. Traditionally, telephone Yellow Page listings are important to developing business for residential repair and maintenance bus iness. Internet advertising, especially search advertising, is becoming more and more important to any professional service provider like plumbers. You need to know how to make sure that potential customers find your company's name when they search for a plumber in your vicinity.Franchise and cooperative marketing plumbing businesses Rather than create a totally new plumbing business, some plumbers consider buying a franchise of a national or regional franchise plumbing company. (Be sure to read the SmallBusiness. com Guide to Franchising for important suggestions and background on things you should explore when considering becoming a franchisee. ) In some locations, independent contractors may enter into joint marketing cooperatives that allow them to gain referrals and other marketing services in exchange for a recurring fee or commission. Plumbing Business PlanIf you are to open A Plumbing Business you will need to do a lot of things! We have no doubt that if you are to open A Pl umbing Business you will understand everything about the Plumbing Business but we can help you with a simple checklist of the things that every business has to do. Decide whether to buy an existing business, start a new business, or buy a franchise. Decide on the form of business: partnership, limited company, corporation or sole proprietorship. Estimate how much cash you will need to start your business advertising, fixtures, decorating, inventory, fees, working capital, etc. and estimate your monthly expenses.If the business will be incorporated you must decide where. If you will form a partnership, draft the partnership agreement. Check local laws in regard to zoning, permits, and licenses your business may require. Obtain a minute book, corporate seal, and stock certificates. Conduct a market analysis to determine the viability of your enterprise. Select and reserve a corporate name (first and second choices). Select officers and directors (names, addresses, and Social Security numbers). Develop marketing, advertising, and public relations plans. Develop a capitalization / borrowing / credit / debt service plan and cash flow plan ObjectivesThe objectives for the first three years of operation include: To  develop a  company whose primary goal is to exceed customer's expectations. To increase sales so in four to five years Don can hire another master plumber. To create a sustainable business, surviving off its own cash flow. Profitably carry out quality Hydraulic projects within Australia whilst:  · Producing workmanship in excess of our clients requirements.  · Completing projects earlier than the contracted completion dates.  · Ensuring the health and safety of employees and the general public.  · Minimising disturbance to and effects on the environment. Providing secure and satisfying employment for all employees. A sample of a company’s plumbing plan Company Summary Water Tubes Plumbing, soon to be located in Eugene, OR, will offer pl umbing services for residential new houses as well as custom new houses. The business will be based out of Don Roto's house. Water Tubes will have four employees by the end of the year. Start-up Summary Water Tubes will require the following equipment and materials: Two trucks (used) fitted with a pipe rack on top. Assorted pipes (different diameters and materials). Assorted fittings.A 30 gallon bucket to store fittings. Pipe wrenches. Reciprocating saw. Circular saw. Whole hog (high torque right angle drill). Cordless screw gun. Propane torch. Cast iron pipe cutter. Extension cords. Pipe dope (Teflon tape in paste form). Computer with CD-RW, printer, Microsoft Office, QuickBooks Pro. Desk, chair, and filling cabinet, and assorted stationary. Mobile phone. Please note that the items which are considered assets to be used for more than a year will be labeled long-term assets and will be depreciated using G. A. A. P. approved straight-line depreciation method.

Electronic Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Electronic Marketing - Essay Example The evolution of the internet has redefined marketing, dividing the area into that which is done online and the other, the traditional. How the internet revolutionized marketing can be seen by looking at the history of the internet. As the internet was being developed, growing number of communities had become interested and with the number of scientists getting involved in the development of the internet, with the increase in attendance in their meetings, working groups were created. As the number of groups became interested with the internet with the growth of the commercial sector, broad user communities have become included plus an increase in commercial activity. The internet today is not limited to email and file sharing; it now supports audio and video streams (Baker, T. n.d; Leiner, et. Al Dec 2006). The internet started just for the simple purpose of providing faster and better long-distance communication and file transferring for the military. This objective necessitated the need to develop networked computers and continuous development of its structure resulting in further development of its functions and networking capacity. It is this functional and capacity development that furthered the development itself attracting more and more users, interested and involved groups. The result is a "chicken-and-egg" pattern between development and the number of users. This continuous increase in the number of users and the continuous development of the internet made internet into an ideal setting for faster and wider market reach. It is also the evolution of the internet and its resultant user population increase that paved the way to the birth of a virtual community which spawned new products, new market, new market places, new commercial systems and thus, e-commerce and online marketi ng (Baker, T. n.d; Leiner, et. Al Dec 2006). Online marketing is distinguished from the traditional form in terms of the setting where products are marketed (Internet 2006). It refers to the process of advertising products in the internet. Ways of online marketing are similar to that of the traditional form except that the former is done using electronic versions (Geld 2003), that is, the printed brochures and flyers become electronic brochures and flyers, which could then be easily distributed using emails, forums, file sharing and link sharing. The online version of word-of-mouth involves the promotion in community-based websites such as forums, chat rooms, peer-to-peer sharing, link promotion and blogging. As said earlier, the rise of the internet has also spawned new marketing strategies. If the traditional marketing methods have companies pay advertising companies to place ads in different places, online marketing has its own version. Advertisers are paid by the companies to market their products, bringing forward new online-specific marketing strategies like paid-to-click, paid-to-read emails, spamming, traffic exchanges, link exchanges, content-making, file-sharing and online classifieds. The method in which transactions are made have also changed with the existence of online facilitators such as Paypal, Ebay, Amazon, all of which connecting the buyer and the seller through structured systems (Internet, 2006). Depending on the product, distribution can be made online or offline. Electronic products such as ebooks, music and

Political Participation and Nonprofit organization Essay

Political Participation and Nonprofit organization - Essay Example They include religious, educational and social institutions. They register under the 501(c) (3) section of the federal law. The other major branch of non-profit organisations includes political parties and unions. They are actively involved in political matters but to a certain scoop. They cannot fund a political campaign or a particular candidate. They register under 501(c) (4).The last group; the Political Action Committees (PACs) are the most partisan of them. The Federal Election Commission regulates their operations. They are permitted to support candidates. However, despite the restrictions, non-profit organisations play a huge role in influencing political activities that it is becoming difficult to draw a boundary where they should not cross in political arenas (International Association for Public Participation, 2015). Non-profit organisations advocate for issues. They start out as non-partisans, uninvolved in political movements. However, eventually they take a position in addressing political issues. They mainly concentrate on creating awareness to the public on civic matters such as urging them to register as voters (Fair Vote, 2015 ). Since the public trusts them, many follow their stand. They have become an agent of change in society, whether negatively or positively. Their presence in political matters is impossible to ignore. MoveOn.org is a non-profit organisation registered in two parts. One is a 501(c) (3) group while the other is under the PAC. The organisation shook the decision of the House of Representatives when it opposed its impeachment against Clinton. The court had to pronounce him innocent because of their voice. They used the internet to influence people’s preferences and eventually, they won. It shows just how powerful non-profit organisations can be, especially with t he right tools. Communication has gone so fast and wide that the internet itself can help

Programming with Alice Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Programming with Alice - Assignment Example Alice does not have primitive methods to perform front left leg up and front left leg down. It is therefore required that the code for this movement be designed. Elegant design requires that methods are kept from being too large. To maintain a small size for the methods, additional methods are added to do the small tasks. The following is done A loop is implemented at the point where the mouse takes a step ahead of the mouse. This loop ensures that whenever the mouse takes a step the cat takes another step of the same magnitude so that the mouse is always one step ahead of the cat. The next step is transforming the storyboard into program code. The first action of the storyboard is the mouse turns to see the cat. The first method is therefore turn to face. We use the turn to face to make the mouse turn to look in the direction of the cat. The next step is the cat taking one step away from the cat. We use the move away method. Alice contains control statements that are vital in controlling movements. In the cat chase program the cat moves away from the cat while the cat moves towards the mouse. The control statement Do in order is used to tell Alice to first make the cat look at the mouse and the mouse move away from the cat. Other actions must be done together. When the front right leg is up for example, the front left leg must be held down. To achieve this functionality Alice is told to Do this actions together through the DO together control statement. To implement this program into Alice a scene must first be created. The initial scene is a room (Farooq, 2012). The intention of the cat is to catch the mouse. It should follow it while the mouse should always be one step ahead of the cat. We select the room scene and then a cat and a mouse. The next stage is in the program code editor. The code that makes the program is written. In Alice the program code editor is at the bottom right of the main window. The instructions are edited in the area

Poetry Explication of The Silence of Women Essay

Poetry Explication of The Silence of Women - Essay Example She lashes out at men, not with any emotional remarks, but in a humorous way. She says that men get mellowed as they grow in age, or as they grow older, but women are diametrically opposite in nature. They give vent to their suppressed emotions through instinctive outbursts. According to the poet, women become emotional as they grow in age, for the simple reason that they have been submissive to men over the years. They never got any upper hand at home or at their work place, during their prime period. So, at a later stage, they express their subdued feelings by shouting out at their husbands. This helps them overcome their disappointment or unfulfilled ambitions. The poet feels sorry for those husbands or men who surrender to their wife’s irritation. It is obviously ironic on the part of men to be docile to their wife’s remarks, as they were once intolerant and impatient with their women. She cites examples of husbands being drawn to malls by their wives, or being ordered about in public places. Expressions like â€Å"hauled† â€Å"sit there! and don’t you move!† bear expression to the (excess) freedom of expression enjoyed by women at a later stage. The poet is not a feminist totally, but, through the poem, she wants to drive home the idea that women despite their love for their husbands all through their life, try to dominate them when they become weak in health or mind. The poem picturises the emotional drama of a woman, who loves her husband, but fails to be polite to him. The poet, being a woman, knows very well that woman never enjoyed equal status with men, right from their childhood days. This is the sole reason for women being antipathetic to their male counter parts, and it grows as they (women) grow in age. Fortunately or unfortunately, men tend to be more dependent on their wives as they grow old and get weak. It is purely psychological on the part of the poet to use the

Sartre's No Exit Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Sartre's No Exit - Essay Example Although taken as a quasi strategy for the Existentialist movement, the transcription of this lecture was the only pamphlet that Sartre amenably regretted seeing in print. Yet, it continues to be the foremost introduction to his philosophy to the general public. One reason both for its fame and his discomfort is the precision with which it displays the cardinal doctrines of existentialist thought while enlightening Sartre's attempt to widen its social application in reaction to his Catholic and Communist criticism - it offers us a sight of Sartre's thought â€Å"on the wing.† In his play ‘No Exit’, he is determined to prove his famous argument; â€Å"hell is other people† and perception that there is no God is widely unleashed. He wants the reader to catch his philosophical perspective of belief and reason. No Exit, the Jean- Paul Sartre’s play, coined the famous slogan â€Å"Hell is other people!† Anybody may wonder on hearing such a harsh de claration, if this is a portrayal of manhood or just a portrayal of certain categories of individuals who make life more problematic than it ought to be. Sartre's unique vision on hell takes us to an isolated hotel located in an extremely hot place with numerous rooms to be occupied that are better referred to as the damned (Contat 33). This particular play involves majorly three people who died and went to their eternal destination, the Hell. They are three rather selfish and depraved individuals, seeing them in one light. Contrariwise, you can say they are three delicate souls desperately in need of something. However, they have no ability to offer of themselves. Like vampires imbibing the best of all mankind, wanting to be satisfied, yet unwilling to care for anybody, but only themselves. Our first character to meet is a journalist who owns what he calls pacifist newspaper by the name Joseph Garcin. He was shot during the Second World War, although he had deserted his position an d fled to Mexico. He is constantly trying to escape from Gomez judgment and others who think he is a coward because he fled in war time. His paramount accuser is himself, the only person he could never escape. Joseph was also a drunk and an adulterer. He deliberately cheated on his wife habitually; even making poor women to serve coffee to his mistresses and him. He was so heartless that he did not care how much he caused his poor wife pain. She died of a broken heart soon after him. Next we have Serrano Inez who is a self declared sinner and foul to the ground. She describes the nadirs of her immorality in the following declaration: â€Å"When I say I am cruel, I imply I can not get on devoid of making people suffer. Just like a live coal – a live coal in others’ people hearts. When In am alone I sparkle out† (Hudson 78). Despite her unkind nature, Inez has a virtue; she calls them by way of seeing them. Inez is similar to a vampire because she lives for her bo dily desire. She was a lesbian and guilty of ending a marriage and spinning a wife against her spouse. She made that woman her love, and together, they collaborated and killed the husband of her lover. She can look at her wickedness, and accept it as a portion of who she is. Inez consents being in hell and she does not anticipate anything enhanced. In hell, she lusts for

Explain what is meant by supply chain risk management and how Essay

Explain what is meant by supply chain risk management and how organizations mitigate supply chain risks. Use two examples of companies to illustrate your answer - Essay Example o another point with the objective of creating net value, creating a economical infrastructure, leveraging worldwide logistics, to make tally supply with demand and measuring performance globally (Chopra and Meindl, 2001). A good supply chain management aids the organizations to fulfil the demand of market at right time. It helps the organizations, how they should procure the raw materials for manufacturing and distribute the finished goods into the market for sales with minimizing the cost and the time of delivery (Hugos, 2003). A well planning supply chain management aids the organization to increase profit by minimizing the cost of transport of goods from one point to another point. Even though, a strong management in supply chain helps the organization to maintain a good relationship with both suppliers and consumers. However, a risk can be encountered in supply chain, and this risk can be avoided with the help of supply chain risk management (Burt, Starling and Dobler, 2003). It is implementation of strategies to control both daily and incomparable risks along the supply chain footed on repeating risk evaluation with the purpose of reducing vulnerability and guarantee stability (Brindley, 2004). Supply chain risk management helps to decrease the supply chain liability with the help of Holistic approach, which includes all stakeholders of supply chain, and discovers and analyses the risk of breakdown point inside the supply chain. The risks related to supply chain could be finance, logistics, inventory and many more that can be related with the risk management of supply chain. The main objective of SCRM is to identify the problem and to provide logical solution to overcome the risk in supply chain of any organization (Handfield and McCormack, 2008). A supply chain may not be as dynamic or perplexing as capital markets, yet regarding the matter of overseeing supply chain risk the test is, ostensibly, could be as imposing as overseeing risk for instruments,

Reflectiv Writing - The Impact of the Voice of Judgment as a Barrier Assignment

Reflectiv Writing - The Impact of the Voice of Judgment as a Barrier to Moving Through the U - Assignment Example As leaders move from the downward side of the U, they are connected to a world which is outside their institutional bubbles. The movement up the other side of the U brings forth a new experience to the world. In this journey, the bottom section bears a gate which requires a person to drop anything that is not essentially to leadership and their duties as leaders. This is a process of letting go of one’s ego and self and letting come the new future possibilities. The journey is however not an easy one as it experiences a lot of barriers. One of the common barriers is the voice of judgment. Journeying through the U requires seven leadership capacities with the second one being observation. This leadership capacity calls for an open mind. To be able to achieve this, the leader must suspend his voice of judgment. It is only through it that an individual and a leader will be able to move from projection to true observation. According to Kidder (2005), various leadership failures are as a result of the struggle between letting go and holding on. It, therefore, requires one to confront his or herself with very difficult yet purposeful choice of having an open mind. It takes a lot of courage for this to happen. When the line has been crossed, an individual enter into the sense of their true nature and are able to heed to the call of leadership. They then undergo the death/ rebirth and start a journey into restructuring of their egos to emerge as freer leaders (Bennis, Goleman, & O’Toole, 2008). This is a journey and a process that not only make them soulful but also creative and innovative. When the gate is crossed and the voice suspended the individual’s inner flame for creative change and ability to move forward is boosted. Bennis, Goleman & O’Toole (2008) state that majority of the leaders do not recognize the potential of what they are faced with because they excessively dwell on the past trend that they are used to. Working as a work shop

Qin Ling Mountains Management Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Qin Ling Mountains Management Plan - Essay Example Goals 1. To transform the Qin Ling Mountains into a reputable and world class tourism destination that attracts both local and international tourists. 2. To facilitate sustainable environmental conservation and enhancement of the mountainous ecosystem for posterity 3. To generate income for the country as well as changing the lives of the people who work in with us. 4. To impact the community through demonstrating social responsibility as well as providing opportunities for the community to take part in the development of the Qin Ling Mountains tourism destination. 5. To create awareness all around the world through advertising of the spectacular and distinct features of the Qin Ling Mountains 6. To convert the site into a heritage centre that is recognizable and upholds international standards. Outcomes The main objective of developing the goals is to produce results that can be used across the strata for the benefit of the environment, government, the community and the tourists. Fi rstly, it is expected that the site shall be a place that will contribute to environmental impact reduction through the adoption of strategies such as ecotourism and community development programs. Secondly, the site is meant to make sustainable and reliable profits that will facilitate its conservation. It is expected to boost tourism in the country with an ultimate goal of generating foreign exchange for the country. The profits will also increase the government income generation through taxes. Thirdly, the overall development shall be experienced in terms of infrastructure, and social amenities. Road and rail networks are to be developed to meet the available demand and provide standard services for the tourists, employees as well as the local communities. Fourthly, the site will open the region for foreign investments as well as encouraging local investors, an aspect that will promote regional growth as well as the entire country stands to benefit. Fourthly, the number of touris ts that visit the country is expected to increase tremendously as well as facilitating environmentalists in taking part in environmental projects. Finally, the community shall be empowered to take responsibility in matters relating to the conservation of the natural resources, the environment and taking advantage of the existing opportunities to empower themselves and their fellow citizens. Evaluation The progress in the implementation of the program shall be done in quarterly basis. After every three months, an evaluation team shall get into the ground and conduct a thorough analysis of the developments that have been made. The team shall report the findings and together we shall develop a way forward. The entire program implementation is expected to take a maximum of three years. This means that the plan will be divided into twelve phases, after every phase an evaluation will be done. Each year at least two goals shall have been fully accomplished, hence the evaluation process wil l have to look into that development. Visitor Management While the implementation of the plan is in the pipeline, management of the visitors shall be a key factor to sustaining the profitability of the tourist site. The site shall take advantage

Strategic Management (report) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Strategic Management (report) - Essay Example Zara makes a third of all its sales in Spain. However, recently it has intensified its business in other European markets such as France, Italy, Portugal and the United Kingdom. Established in the year 1975, the business unit has now 1608 stores across the world, offering products for men, women and kids. This report analyses the Inditex group and its business unit ‘Zara’ in order to gain a comprehensive understanding of its strategies in the market. The report starts with the analysis of the industry followed by the company and its business unit. In the end, a conclusion has been inferred from the entire analysis. ‘Porter’s five forces’ model is a useful framework to analyse the industry’s attractive towards any business (Hill & Jones, â€Å"Porter’s Five Forces Model†). The following is the analysis of the specific business unit ‘Zara’. Porter has identified four factors which are capable of influencing the level of competition and profitability in the industry. The buyers’ power in this fashion industry is moderate. Zara offers its customers the look-alike premium products at a lower price. So, the switching cost for the buyer is a bit higher. On the other hand, Zara keeps all trendy and fashionable merchandises according to the customer requirements at a reasonable price. Zara is a flagship business unit of a leading fashion group. So the bargaining power of the suppliers is a bit low in this industry. The company requires its suppliers to be aligned with certain requirements of working practice, ethical activities, safety, quality and environmental standards. The low bargaining power of the suppliers reflects from the fact that the company has ceased 175 suppliers in the year 2008 and 145 suppliers in the next year because of their non compliance with the required standards. Zara has been one of the significant business units of the leading business group. Definitely the

Constantly Risking Absurdity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Constantly Risking Absurdity - Essay Example The poem has a complex structure, though exciting as the reader follows the author through the swinging motions that the poet has chosen to present the poem similar to the swinging of an acrobat walking on a thin rope. Therefore, the poet utilizes imagery and diction in comparing the process of writing a poem to the performance of an acrobat in front of a large crowd, and risks death if he falls from the wire. The author reveals to the audience that he compares writing a poem to an acrobat in line 6; â€Å"the poet like and acrobat.† This line forms the main theme of the poem and is platform on which the poem is hinged. The author does not only compare the poet to an acrobat, but also explains that the two share the same predicament, hence the use of â€Å"like and† in line 6. From this line, the author introduces the public to the death or survival of the poem, which the author compares to the life or death of an acrobat. In other words, just as the acrobat risks death by hanging dangerously on a thin wire, so does the poet risk death by facing the scrutiny of people. If the poem does not impress the public, the audience will certainly trash it and that will be the end of the poem. The author in this case warns that the work of poets faces death if they fail to impress and exceed the expectations of the audience, just as the acrobat makes the audience watch in suspense as h e do his gymnastics. Similar to the acrobat’s wire, the poet has to have â€Å"a high wire of his own† (line 8). Just as an acrobat has to use theatrics and creativity to impress the crowd and showcase his mystery while walking on the thin wire, a poet has to use similar theatrics to impress the audience. In fact, the author inline 14 states that â€Å"slight-of-foot and other high theatrics,† all which the poet has to use to impress the audience. The poet in this poem uses such theatrics by presenting the poem in swinging style, which

Resoures needed Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Resoures needed - Essay Example The energy released is usually in heat form. After heat is emitted, the coolant lifts it out of the reactor. Coolant used in most instances is plain water. After the coolant has heated up, it proceeds to the turbine chamber where it drives a shaft. This makes nuclear reactors be exotic heat sources (Hargraves 45). The reactor core The reactor core generates heat and stores all nuclear fuel. It has uranium (low enriched, not less than 5% U-235). The coolant Material passing through the core is called the coolant. It also transfers heat usually from fuel to turbine. A coolant can be the normal water, liquid sodium, or heavy water. The turbine The turbine receives heat from the coolant then generates it to electricity. This takes the same method as it happens in fossil fuel plant. Containment This is the general high-density steel structure-separating reactor from environment. Most are dome shaped and usually reinforced in concrete. Cooling towers These are used in Plants to dump excess ive heat that have not been transformed to energy. They only emit vapor and clean water commonly referred to as hyperbolic icons. Different types of nuclear reactors There exists a variety of nuclear reactors usually of different pursposes, fuel cycles, coolants, and different fuels. Some of them include; Pressurized water reactor This is the most prevalent type of nuclear reactor. It uses the normal regular water as coolant. The cooling water is kept at very high pressures to keep it from boiling. It transfers heat to the secondary coolant loop after passing through heat exchanger. This then keeps turbine in motion. This type of reactor uses oxide fuel pellets compressed in zirconium tubes (Frog 40). This type of reactor has its pros and cons depending on circumstances. On the positive site, it has the void coefficient, which is strong and negative. Reactor easily cools down when water begins to bubble. Secondly, the secondary loop prevents radioactive materials from reaching the t urbines, which eases maintenance. Procedures have been optimized due to accumulated operating experiences. On the other side, coolants under heavy pressure have a high likely hood of escaping in the eventuality a pipe breaks. This reactor is not able to breed new fuel as result of it being susceptible concerning uranium shortage (Weston 56-58). Canada Deuterium-Uranium Reactors (CANDUs) First used in Canada, they usually contain heavy water with extra neutron in hydrogen. This therefore results to Deuterium taking place of pure hydrogen. Since Deuterium has limited capacity in absorbing neutrons compared to hydrogen, CANDUs operate strictly on natural uranium and not enriched. Its advantages are that it needs limited uranium enrichment .For this reason, it can usually be refueled when in operation which keeps capacity factors high. They possess the flexibility nature and uses different types of fuel. Its demerits are based on safety concerns since some variants posse’s positi ve coolant coefficients. Sodium Cooled Reactor Sodium metal, which is liquid in nature, cools down these types of reactors. Since sodium is heavier than hydrogen, it enables neutrons to move at higher speed. These types of reactors use oxide or metal fuels and have the potential to burn everything thrown at them (Uranium, higher actinides, plutonium and thorium). The advantage of these reactors is that they have the capability to breed their own

Hispanic Americans Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Hispanic Americans - Research Paper Example The Hispanic Americans in United States consists of four particular groups. They are the Mexican Americans, Puerto Ricans, Cubans and Central / South Americans. Mexican Americans Mexican Americans, as of July 2009, constitutes 10 . 3 % of the United States population. They â€Å" comprise 66 % of all Hispanics and Latinos in the United States † ( â€Å" Mexican American† ) . United States houses the second largest Mexican community in the world right after Mexico itself. Mexican Americans as a race is a general agglomeration of Native Mexicans, Spaniards and other Hispanicize European settlers. Their history in the United States ranges for over four hundred years. By 1900 their settlements were mainly focused in the New Mexico, California and Texas. As a matter of fact Californios were strictly Spanish speaking citizens of present day California, who later became associated with the society soon after the California Gold Rush. Presently the Mexican .Americans have a sub stantial population in the cities of Los Angeles, Culver City, Long Beach, La Puente, Chicago, Houston, Phoenix, Dallas, San Francisco Bay Area, Denver and more. In order to avoid racial classification, the United States Census Bureau in 1970 tried to classify Hispanics by â€Å" Spanish speakers and persons belonging to a household where the head of household was a Spanish speaker† Persons by Spanish heritage by birth location or surname Persons who self – identified Spanish origin or descent † ( â€Å" Mexican American † ) Spanish continues to be the main language of the Mexicans since the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. English was of minor importance because of proximity of southwestern U S to Mexico. In the beginning of twentieth century, with the second and third generations now on track, English became necessary with different work professions being available. But still in 1980s there were 100 Spanish news papers, with around 500 radio stations and 130 television stations. Since 1960s, there had been a huge influx of illegal Mexican immigrants in the United States which had heavily increased the cheap labor work force of the country. As the prospect of deportation is a constant threat they are highly subjected to exploitation by the employers, who often take a â€Å" don’t ask †, â€Å" don’t tell † attitude towards them. The immigrants are racially dubbed as â€Å" Wetbacks † which is a lucid approach just like â€Å" nigger † to African – Americans. Mexican Americans as a whole mainly form the nucleus of blue collar occupations in the U S. this includes from working as restaurant workers, truck drivers, janitors, gardeners, construction labors and metal moving workers. Several incidents of tensions had often aroused between Mexican immigrants and other ethnicities and also between Hispanic Americans and cheap Mexican labors over the sustainability of working – class jobs. â€Å" However, according to a survey conducted by the Pew Research Center in June 2007, 63 % of Americans would support an immigration policy that would put illegal immigrants on a path to citizenship if they â€Å" pass background checks, pay fines and have jobs, learn English † † ( â€Å" Mexican American † ) , Socially, immigrants from Mexico come from lower stratus of social ladder and are involved in low skilled jobs by generations. Usually they are form rural areas. Strictly speaking,

Why Some Employers Are Reluctant to Address the Issue on Workplace Term Paper

Why Some Employers Are Reluctant to Address the Issue on Workplace Bullying - Term Paper Example A good complaint resolution scheme should include an option for the employee to talk directly to the bully with or without mediation. On the other hand, if the employee prefers to let the company mediate, he or she should be given the option to request for informal or formal resolution of the issue. An informal process of resolving issues of bullying in the workplace is much faster and less stressful for everyone (Uff, 2006). This approach is usually effective to resolve informal complaints of an employee. Simple incidents of bullying that do not require the company to effect punishments against the employee or employees involved should be resolved through an informal process (Uff, 2006). In most cases, â€Å"an informal resolution process takes the no-blame approach to the issue and both parties are asked to come to an amicable agreement to refrain from committing any acts that constitute bullying towards each other† (Ontario Safety Association For Community and Health Care, 2009).While the informal resolution is quick and does not carry with it certain punishments, a formal resolution process is usually associated with the exhaustive investigation, mediation and giving appropriate punishments against the guilty party (Ontario Safety Association For Community and Health Care, 2009). The formal resolution process usually involve (a) the lodging of a formal complaint, (b) an initial response where the human resource officer or any designated person meets separately with the parties involved in the allege bullying incident, (c) the appointment of an investigator to look into the matter, (d) the appointment of an investigator after the initial meeting with the parties, (e) conduct of the actual investigation, (f) presentation of findings, (g) appeal on the findings and decision of the investigating team, and (h) final resolution (Ontario Safety Association For Community and Health Care, 2009).  

Monsanto paper critical analysis Essay Example for Free

Monsanto paper critical analysis Essay aTitle: A review of core issues relating to the global adoption of genetically modified foods. As we are confronted by more and more information, it is of great importance that as global citizens we endeavour to form our own conclusions by thoroughly analysing factual data. Often information we are presented with can carry a vast undertone of additional, and usually bias information, which conveyed through language, body language, and even in extreme, but uncommon instances, subliminal messaging. Professionals in environmental management must be able to efficiently draw unbiased conclusions by filtering large quantities of information and communicate their findings effectively. In environmental management, global issues typically generate the most controversy. Currently, a global movement to abolish genetically modified foods, is raging. As scientific evidence that challenges the safety of GMO’s mounts, global protests and national governments are rejecting genetically modified foods, in particular the notorious company Monsanto. This assignment is aimed at evaluating key literature relating to the safety of GMO’s using the correct models developed in critical analysis for environmental management in hope that informative and unbiased conclusions can be drawn. Table1: The Purpose of this table is to briefly summarise five sources of literature using methods gained in the course to aid in the development of a draft plan for assignment two. Reference/Source Publication Type Brief Synopsis Application of Course Concepts Comments relevant to planning the draft review Gilles-Eric Sà ©ralini, Emilie Clair, Robin Mesnage, Steeve Gress, Nicolas Defarge, Manuela Malatesta, Didier Hennequin, Joà «l Spiroux de Vendà ´mois (2012) Long term toxicity of a Roundup herbicide and a Roundup-tolerant genetically modified maize. Food and Chemical Toxicology 50. Pg4221-4231 Peer Reviewed Journal This paper discusses the health effects of roundup tolerant genetically modified maize cultivated with roundup weedkiller on rats over two years. The lead author on this paper is well known for his stance against genetically modified organisms and has published many papers in the past relating to the same topic. The paper is well referenced but sources many of the lead author’s previous papers, which gives the impression of being prejudiced. It stands alone today as the longest toxicity study of GM NK603 maize and the commercial herbicide it was designed to grow with. The nature of this article is intended to target an audience of professionals and members of the industry alike. However, due to its controversial conclusions, it has attracted far more attention through the media. The paper claims to have evidence demonstrating that rats fed genetically modified maize cultivated with roundup were twice as more likely to suffer a premature death and 70% more likely in females over a two year period. Since its release many have claimed it to be solid evidence of the negative effects of ingesting GMO’s, but it has come under equal fire from Monsanto and other scientific academies. They have claimed that flaws exist in the design of the experiment, its statistical analysis, and use of a rat species prone to tumour formation (MacKenzie 2012). However the same species of rat was used in the Monsanto paper, which Seralini was challenging (Hammond et.al 2004). As the paper had attracted much attention, and there had been no protocols in place for studies of its kind, the European Food Safety Authority released its guidelines which generally validated the paper in question (EFSA 2013). According to the results, the common time frame of 90 days is an insufficient time frame to thoroughly analyse the toxicity of GM foods as the first signs of tumours occurred between four to seven months into the study. A startling result shown in figure1 shows an increase in mortality rates in males per the concentration of roundup. However not much attention is drawn to this. Confronting photos of these rats clearly in significant pain with tumours equating to 25% of their body mass are then illustrated provoking an emotional response in the reader. Too few rats were also used in the control groups with only 10 of each sex. This paper will be useful in demonstrating the extent of obvious bias seen across much of the research about GM foods. It was also purposely designed to mimic the methods used in Monsanto’s paper (Hammond et.al 2004). It claims to provide strong contradictory views that can be used in setting the context of the debate. The flaws present in experimentation and obvious intention of generating publicity can be elaborated in assessing key elements of the controversy. B. Hammond, R. Dudek, J. Lemen, M. Nemeth. (2004) Results of a 13 week safety assurance study with rats fed grain from glyphosate tolerant corn. Food and Chemical Toxicology 42. Pg 1003-1014 Peer Reviewed Journal All three authors of this paper are associated with Monsanto, who also provided the funding for the paper, making the paper extremely bias and leaving no room for alternate interpretations of findings. As the strain of maize had not been adopted worldwide it can be assumed that the authors were motivated publish data confirming the safety of the product. It thoroughly documents the study’s methodology and references a wide range of literature. A large number of test subjects were used in each group. Rigorous results are shown and are clear and easy to interpret. The paper claims to have found minimal changes in body weight, haematology and urine chemistry, and therefore deem these results to be insignificant as they fall within an average of  ±2 standard deviations of the population of reference controls. A paper co-authored by Searlini analysed data of the paper in question, noticing a significant increase in effects with relation to the dosage of GM feed specifically the group fed a 33% concentration of NK603 Maize. Stating that the differences are of greater concern than suggested by Hammond (Spiroux et.al 2009). Even though these differences are acknowledged in the papers discussion, thorough interpretation of their possible impacts over an extended period of time are not discussed. As the paper reflects the current standard of evidence used for the approval of GMOs, it can be used to demonstrate the many gaps in knowledge. This will help to reveal how despite having inconclusive results, it is still deemed to be thorough enough to approve GM foods for widespread consumption. This speaks to broader issues regarding insufficient regulatory systems. It will also be used to specifically compare the findings of Seralini’s paper (Seralini et.al 2005). Judy A. Carman1, Howard R. Vlieger, Larry J. Ver Steeg, Verlyn E.Sneller, Garth W. Robinson, Catherine A. Clinch-Jones, Julie I. Haynes, John W. Edwards. A long-term toxicology study on pigs fed a combined genetically modified (GM) soy and GM maize diet. Journal of organic systems. Pg38-55 Peer Reviewed Journal A long-term toxicology study of 168 pigs carried out over 22.7 weeks (being the normal life span of a commercial pig from weaning to slaughter) in order to compare the effects of diets including mixed GM corn and soy and the commercial non-GM counterpart. The lead author has long been associated with anti GMO research and is the director for the Health and Environmental Research institute. The paper was published in the Journal of Organic Systems, a journal funded by the Organic Federation of Australia. The paper itself was partly funded by the Government of Western Australia, who currently favours GM crops. The second co-author Howard Vlieger is a farmer that promotes organic food production and also provided funding towards the paper. The paper claims to have successfully created a real world experiment by using product acquired from commercial farmers in accordance with the USA piggery practice. It is clearly specified how the feed was prepared and administered but does not specify the exact conditions in which it was grown. The results of their study are shown to indicate that there was no significant changes in total body weight and death rates were similar with 13% and 14% for the non-GM fed and GM fed groups respectively. But that significant changes in stomach inflammation and uterine weights were apparent and attributed to the difference in diet as other variables were controlled for. However, the study in question has its own shortcomings, and does include significant additional variables that damage the reputation of the paper. For example, the control group’s food source was contaminated with a median of 0.4% GM products in Maize and 1.6% in soy, a problematic technicality in a paper trying to prove negative effects in GM. It is stated however that similar amounts of GM contamination occurs in non-GM material in the United States but does not reference this claim. Finally the GM feed contained four different varieties of feed increasing the variables and making it impossible to pin point an individual feed as causing harm. The author is clearly trying to change the current dogma surrounding GMO’s by referring to multiple short term toxicity studies, criticising the test subject species, the way in which feed was administered, variables used to come to their conclusions and time-frame in which the studies were carried out. It is suggested that as the study utilised pigs instead of birds or  fish that the data gained is more relevant to human consumption. The lead author’s strong connection to the Seralini research team and fundamental flaws in experimentation can be emphasised in the context of the debate. Furthermore, as the paper has taken a different approach to setting up parameters, this can easily related to the commercial industry. It can then be concluded that the paper has particular agendas as the general public is a target audience is targeting the public audience and preaching to convert. Aysun KÄ ±lÄ ±c, Turan Akay. (2007) A three generation study with genetically modified Bt corn in rats: Biochemical and histopathological investigation. Food and Chemical Toxicology 46. Pg1164-1170 Peer Reviewed Journal The study was carried out across three generations of female Wistar Albino rats divided into three groups, with the third being fed a diet of BT transgenic corn. The lead author of this paper is an independent researcher from the university of Hacettepe in Turkey. She has published many papers on the subject of toxicity with relation to food additives and GMO’s. The nature of the paper is intended for an academic audience. The authors recognize the controversial nature surrounding the issue. Their results are approached in an entirely unbiased nature by stating they feel a substantiated answer to the safety of GM foods cannot be derived from the available literature. The paper is thoroughly referenced with a wide range of sources but makes no obvious mention to the source of funding. The paper came to the conclusion that no significant changes in body and organ weights were found, but minimal histopathological differences were noticed in the liver and kidneys as well as creatine, protein and globulin changes in a biochemical analysis. Test subjects were already 11 weeks old before GM feed was administered interfering with results. The concentration of GM feed was 20% which is shown to have less of a measurable affect as suggested in Seralinis review paper (Spiroux et.al 2009). The paper notes the strain of GM maize used but provides little information for the GM free variety. Instead of utilising their available resources to test multiple variables the study uses two control groups and only one GM fed group. This paper  will provide a contrast to the other 3 papers sited as it holds no bias. Even though it has no pre-determined opinions, it still fails to provide definitive results, and the study itself has various shortcomings. This can again be used to show how a general lack of quality scientific research is a key factor in driving the ongoing debate regarding the safety of GM foods. Public Attitudes towards biotechnology in Australia. Australian Government, Department of Innovation, Industry, Science and Research. Public survey Results of an Australian survey of public attitudes from 2009-2010 with relation to the biotechnology industry. The paper thoroughly discusses the Australian public’s opinions regarding GMOs, also detailing its various other applications in the biotechnology industry. It concludes that 67% were accepting of GMOs as they realised its potential benefits. However it does show that support of GMOs has in fact decreased slightly since 2007, but that half of those opposed would change their position if long term evidence suggested GM food was safe. A further 45% of the opposed public would reconsider if detailed labelling explained what had been modified and why. Yet despite the surveys thoroughness in many areas, there are still issues. The survey presents its findings in a way that suggests it is representative of opinions of the whole of Australia, but only 1,086 people were surveyed. There is also very little explanation of the methodologies used to attain the results, nor are any of the exact questions given to the participants provided. As such, there is potential bias as questions can be designed to give a particular response. Furthermore, it is unclear as to what information about GMOs was provided to the participants, which could influence their opinions. This source will be used to summarise the effect the debate is having on the Australian public. The survey demonstrates that the controversy exists within both the scientific community and the public domain. It also helps to reveal the lack of clear information available for GMOs and how this affects consumers. This will help to confirm how divided opinions are in both the scientific and public arenas. Literature Review draft outline Upon researching the topic it became quickly apparent that even though GM technology is well established being utilised in countries over the globe, there is still vast amounts of doubt over its safety and economic value. Long term toxicity papers were the focus of the draft plan as they were the source for the majority of controversy. After inspecting the papers I noticed opinionated research and data analysis as well as a lack of experimental explanation and sly tactics. Section heading (approx. word length) Brief outline of content Introduction (300) The introduction will discuss the debate that is currently being waged about the safety of genetically modified crops. This is an issue that has divided scientists and consumers alike; on one hand many advocate for its safety and extensive benefits, while others are troubled by the lack of information regarding its long term health effects. I will analyse several key studies which have all played a significant role in this debate and have endeavoured to provide studies that both support and refute the safety of GMOs. I will also outline other topics surrounding the controversy, such as the need for government authorities to more closely regulate GMOs, specifically the privatised biotechnology companies who are largely responsible for their production. From here I will discuss the role Monsanto, an American biotech company, has played in the controversy, including information about Monsanto’s history, and their involvement in research and distribution of GM crops. An integral part of the analysis and discussion will focus on the current lack of reliable scientific data as nearly all research carried out about GMOs is plagued with inaccuracies and conflicts of interest. From a close analysis of all of these sources, it will ultimately be clear how the controversy is being largely fuelled by the lack of reliable scientific data. History of Monsanto (300) This will elaborate on statements made in the introduction, and continues to assess the history and development of the issue. It will be necessary to discuss Monsanto’s belief that to account for the world’s growing  population, new biotechnologies need to be developed. However, the trustworthiness of the company should be called into question given its extensive history that involves the development of such detrimental products as Agent Orange. Furthermore, there are many instances where previous Monsanto employees have later been employed at various government agencies, such as the FDA, suggesting a possible conflict of interest. It will also be relevant to discuss the range of crops that are being modified, and their prevalence across the world today. What is driving the controversy (500) This section will form arguments questioning ideas and methodology from the literature that have shaped the issue to date, such as: Conflicting results: Sà ©ralini’s paper shows an increase in mortality rates per roundup concentration, while Hammond’s paper disregards these findings as they fall within an average of  ±2 standard deviations of the population reference controls. Increased variables due to poor experimentation: Kilic’s paper used 11 week old rats which had been consuming an unspecified feed before the experiment commenced. Carmen’s paper showed that trace amounts of GM feed had contaminated control groups. Overall this shows how a lack of consensus about studies findings, and problematic data continues to fuel the controversy. This is where I will site the survey conducted by the Department of Innovation, Industry, Science and Research. Implications of the controversy (500) The ongoing debate surrounding the safety of GM crops has many varied and significant implications, particularly for consumers. Given the quagmire of conflicting evidence, it becomes extremely difficult for consumers to make informed decisions about the products they buy. It is also necessary to discuss how inaccessible much of the available data is for the general public as vast majority of studies released are targeted to other scientists. These studies consist of extensive graphs and complex tables that are nearly impossible for the everyday person to decipher. This then leads to the public having to upon others to interpret the research, which can be informed by personal bias, creating misinformation and further confusion about the topic. Broad interpretation of the issue/consider other factors. (500) In this section I will broaden the scope and refer to other aspects of the GMO debate. It is important to discuss the widespread environmental effects herbicides used on GMO crops have, especially on bee populations. As an integral part of our ecosystem, a significant decline in bee populations can have disastrous effects across the globe. There have also been various instances where GM crops have been unintentionally cross-contaminated with non GM crops. This gives rise to a myriad of issues from lawsuits between Monsanto and farmers, and for organic farmers such contamination can mean they are discredited, and many other issues besides. There are also other problems regarding Monsanto’s reluctance to release its scientific data for independent researchers to interpret. Conclusion (250 to 300 words) From an analysis inclusive of all significant aspects of the GMO debate, it will be clear that it is the lack of sufficient data and consensus about potential health effects that continue to fuel the controversy. Because there have been no rigorous long term studies conducted about health effects GM foods may have, it is impossible to definitively say one way or the other whether they are safe for us to eat, or not. This creates a situation where bias and conflict of interest is rife as each side of the debate has the opportunity to continue to argue for their respective beliefs. In a broader social context, this creates much confusion as the everyday consumer has no reliable information to make decisions by, and is thus susceptible to misinformation. Given the prevalence of GM foods and that we consume them over the course of a lifetime, consumers concerns are wholly justified, and until conclusive and unbiased data is released, the debate will continue. Key Word Search/Database MonsantoGeoBase GlyphosateCAB Abstracts GMO Roundup References: 1. Debora MacKenzie. (2012). Study linking GM crops and cancer questioned. Available: http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn22287-study-linking-gm-crops-and-cancer-questioned.html?full=true#.UhQOP94_7IU. Last accessed 25th aug 2012. 2. Aysun KÄ ±lÄ ±c, Turan Akay. (2007) A three generation study with genetically modified Bt corn in rats: Biochemical and histopathological investigation. Food and Chemical Toxicology 46. Pg1164-1170 3. B Hammond, R Dudekb, J Lemena, M Nemetha. (2004). Results of a 13 week safety assurance study with rats fed grain from glyphosate tolerant corn. Food and Chemical Toxicology. 45 (1), 1003-1014 4. European Food Safety Authority. (2013). Considerations on the applicability of OECD TG 453 to whole food/feed testing. EFSA Journal. 11 (7), 33-47. 5. Flachowsky G, Chesson A, Aulrich K. (2005). Animal nutrition with feeds from genetically modified plants. Arch Anim\Nutr 59:1 – 40. 6. Joà «l Spiroux de Vendà ´mois, Franà §ois Roullier, Dominique Cellier,Gilles-Eric Sà ©ralini. (2009). A Comparison of the Effects of Three GM Corn Varieties on Mammalian Health . International Journal of Environmental Sciences. 5 (7), 706-726. 7. Gilles-Eric Sà ©ralini, Emilie Clair, Robin Mesnage, Steeve Gress, Nicolas Defarge, Manuela Malatesta, Didier Hennequin, Joà «l Spiroux de Vendà ´mois (2012) Long term toxicity of a Roundup herbicide and a Roundup-tolerant genetically modified maize. Food and Chemical Toxicology 50. Pg4221-4231 8. Judy A. Carman1, Howard R. Vlieger, Larry J. Ver Steeg, Verlyn E.Sneller, Garth W. Robinson, Catherine A. Clinch-Jones, Julie I. Haynes, John W. Edwards. A long-term toxicology study on pigs fed a combined genetically modified (GM) soy and GM maize diet. Journal of organic systems. Pg38-55 9. IPSOS-Eureka Social Research Institute (2010) Public Attitudes towards Biotechnology Australia, Department of Innovation, Industry, Science and Research